According to the Convention, what must State Parties make a punishable offense?

The correct answer is related to the obligations set forth in the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. State Parties to this Convention are required to make acts of torture a punishable offense under their domestic laws. This is indicative of the international commitment to prevent torture and to hold accountable those who perpetrate such acts.

This preventative measure is vital to protecting human rights, ensuring that individuals subjected to torture can seek justice, and contributing to a global standard against such practices. By criminalizing torture, States demonstrate their adherence to international human rights norms and their willingness to prevent abuse.

The other options, while important social issues, are not explicitly mandated by that specific Convention in terms of creating punishable offenses. Human trafficking is addressed under different legal frameworks, illegal immigration often involves complex legal considerations not defined solely by international conventions, and while corruption is a significant problem, it is not the core focus of the Convention Against Torture, which specifically targets the prohibition of torture and ill-treatment.